Description
Topics
Unit 1: The Particulate Nature of Matter
- 1.1: States of Matter (solid, liquid, gas, particle theory)
1.2: Diffusion & Brownian Motion
1.3: Changes of State (melting, boiling, evaporation, condensation)
Unit 2: Experimental Chemistry
- 2.1: Measurement & Data Collection (thermometers, balances, burettes, pipettes)
2.2: Paper Chromatography (separating and identifying mixtures)
2.3: Filtration, Crystallization & Distillation (purification techniques)
2.4: Safety & Lab Procedures (hazards, risk assessment)
Unit 3: Atomic Structure & Bonding
- 3.1: Structure of the Atom (protons, neutrons, electrons, isotopes)
3.2: Electron Arrangements & Periodic Table Position
3.3: Ionic Bonding (transfer of electrons, properties of ionic compounds)
3.4: Covalent Bonding (sharing of electrons, simple molecules, macromolecules)
3.5: Metallic Bonding (delocalized electrons, conductivity, malleability)
Unit 4: Stoichiometry
- 4.1: Relative Atomic & Molecular Mass (Ar, Mr)
4.2: Moles & Avogadro’s Constant
4.3: Chemical Equations & Balancing
4.4: Calculations (empirical/molecular formulae, masses, gas volumes, concentrations)
Unit 5: The Periodic Table
- 5.1: Periodic Trends (groups, periods, reactivity patterns)
5.2: Group I – Alkali Metals (properties, reactions, trends)
5.3: Group VII – Halogens (properties, displacement reactions, trends)
5.4: Group 0 – Noble Gases (unreactivity, uses)
5.5: Transition Metals (variable valency, catalysts, coloured compounds)
Unit 6: Chemical Energetics
- 6.1: Exothermic & Endothermic Reactions (energy profile diagrams)
6.2: Bond Energy Calculations
6.3: Fuels & Energy Sources (renewable vs non-renewable, pollution effects)
Unit 7: Chemical Reactions
- 7.1: Types of Reactions (combustion, decomposition, displacement, redox)
7.2: Acids, Bases & Salts (properties, reactions, neutralization)
7.3: pH & Indicators (universal indicator, litmus, methyl orange, phenolphthalein)
7.4: Oxidation & Reduction (redox reactions, oxidizing/reducing agents)
Unit 8: Electrochemistry
- 8.1: Electrolysis of Molten Compounds (NaCl, PbBr₂)
8.2: Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions (CuSO₄, H₂O, Brine)
8.3: Electroplating & Industrial Applications (purification of copper)
Unit 9: Rates of Reaction
- 9.1: Factors Affecting Rate (temperature, concentration, surface area, catalysts)
9.2: Collision Theory
9.3: Catalysis in Industry (Haber process, Contact process)
Unit 10: Organic Chemistry
- 10.1: Introduction to Organic Chemistry (hydrocarbons, homologous series)
10.2: Alkanes (properties, combustion, substitution reactions)
10.3: Alkenes (addition reactions, polymerization)
10.4: Alcohols (fermentation, combustion, oxidation)
10.5: Carboxylic Acids & Esters (formation, uses, reactions)
10.6: Polymers (addition & condensation polymers, environmental issues)
Unit 11: Air & Atmosphere
- 11.1: Composition of Air (N₂, O₂, CO₂, noble gases)
11.2: Air Pollution (CO, SO₂, NOx, greenhouse gases, acid rain)
11.3: Combustion of Fuels (complete vs incomplete)
Unit 12: Water & Pollution
- 12.1: Sources & Treatment of Water (filtration, chlorination, desalination)
12.2: Water Pollution (fertilizers, sewage, heavy metals)
Unit 13: Industrial Chemistry
- 13.1: Haber Process (production of ammonia, conditions, importance)
13.2: Contact Process (production of sulfuric acid, conditions, uses)
13.3: Extraction of Metals (blast furnace, electrolysis, recycling)
